Middle Income Countries
Report on Compulsory Licensing Provisions in the National Patent Legislation of 15 Middle-Income Countries:
A Content Analysis and Recommendations
A Report of the Global Economic Governance Initiative of the Boston University Global Development Policy Center
Published by the South Centre and the Global Economic Governance Initiative of Boston University Global Development Policy Center
This study examines compulsory licensing laws in 15 middle-income countries often excluded from voluntary licenses & finds significant untapped policy space to advance access to affordable medicines. It highlights best practices & makes key recommendations to improve patent laws for the use of this important TRIPS flexibility.
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Are countries maximizing the policy space they have to grant compulsory licenses to improve access to medicines?
Webinar
Date & Time: Thursday, 13 November 2025, 13h-14h30 (Geneva) / 7h-8h30 (Boston) / 23h-00h30 (Melbourne)
Join the Launch of a Report on Compulsory Licensing Provisions in the National Patent Legislation of 15 Middle-Income Countries, published by the South Centre and the Global Economic Governance Initiative of Boston University Global Development Policy Center.
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Systemic reform of the international debt architecture is yet to start
By Yuefen Li
The COVID-19 pandemic has pushed the reform of the international debt architecture to the policy agenda. Up to now policy measures to address the crushing debt burden of developing countries have focused on boosting time bound liquidity provision, which is insufficient in amount and restrictive in scope as debt-ridden and pandemic struck middle-income countries have not been covered. Even the implementation of these policy measures has been hindered by existing systemic problems. The reform of the debt architecture is yet to start. However, complacency seems to emerge. The risk of “wasting” the crisis should be avoided.
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The Weakness of Economic Multilateralism
By José Antonio Ocampo
The weakness of multilateral cooperation was evident at the meetings of the Group of 20 and the Bretton Woods institutions in Washington. The limited international cooperation contrasts with the ambitious domestic policies adopted by some developed countries, and in particular the United States, to manage their crisis. The big losers will be the emerging countries, for whom cooperation has so far been minimal.
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